High Scalability

JANUARY 11, 2022

When a user requests for feed then there will be two parallel threads involved in fetching the user feeds to optimize for latency. This will not only reduce the overall latency in displaying the user-feeds to users but will also prevent re-computation of user-feeds. Some of the keys of understanding the user network are listed below.

Design 334

Design Media Storage Logistics 334

Dynatrace

JUNE 25, 2020

For example, in a three-node cluster, one node can go down; in a cluster with five or more nodes, two nodes can go down. The network latency between cluster nodes should be around 10 ms or less. Minimized cross-data center network traffic. Automatic recovery for outages for up to 72 hours. Self-contained turnkey solution.

Availability 252

Availability Hardware Latency Traffic 252

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 18, 2024

These include challenges with tail latency and idempotency, managing “wide” partitions with many rows, handling single large “fat” columns, and slow response pagination. It also serves as central configuration of access patterns such as consistency or latency targets.

Latency 261

Latency Storage Cache Efficiency 261

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 3, 2022

For example, it is OK to send writes through one instance, and do reads from another one with full data read consistency guarantees. For example, a batch workflow orchestration system may create multiple jobs which are part of a single workflow execution. Kubernetes is a good example here.

Cache 234

Cache Latency Traffic Systems 234

CSS Wizardry

MAY 31, 2019

A classic example is jQuery, that we might link to like so: There are a number of perceived benefits to doing this, but my aim later in this article is to either debunk these claims, or show how other costs vastly outweigh them. Penalty: Network Negotiation. On a slower, higher-latency connection, the story is much, mush worse.

Cache 274

Cache Latency Infrastructure Website 274

Dynatrace

MAY 19, 2022

Example 1: Architecture boundaries. For example, the mobile device talked to an API gateway, and that team was not responsible for all the details of the back-end systems. In their new dashboard, they added dimensions for load, latency, and open problems for each component. Example 2: Four golden signals. Saturation.

Automotive 275

Automotive Latency Architecture Azure 275

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 13, 2023

Mobile applications (apps) are an increasingly important channel for reaching customers, but the distributed nature of mobile app platforms and delivery networks can cause performance problems that leave users frustrated, or worse, turning to competitors. Load time and network latency metrics. Performance optimization.

Best Practices 205

Best Practices Mobile Metrics Performance 205

CSS Wizardry

AUGUST 7, 2019

The first—and often most surprising for people to learn—thing that I want to draw your attention to is that TTFB counts one whole round trip of latency. The reason is because mobile networks are, as a rule, high latency connections. For example, request collapsing , edge-side includes , etc.). But what else is TTFB?

Latency 270

Latency Ecommerce Servers Mobile 270

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. As an illustrative example, let’s consider a toy instance of 16 hyperthreads.

Cache 259

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 259

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 14, 2023

To determine customer impact, we could compare various metrics such as error rates, latencies, and time to render. For example, is it more correct for an array to be empty or null, or is it just noise? The AB experiment results hinted that GraphQL’s correctness was not up to par with the legacy system.

Traffic 358

Traffic Latency Metrics Cache 358

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 8, 2020

As an example, to render the screen shown here, the app sends a query that looks like this: paths: ["videos", 80154610, "detail"] A path starts from a root object , and is followed by a sequence of keys that we want to retrieve the data for. ecosystem and the rich selection of npm packages available.

Latency 242

Latency Cache Java Traffic 242

Highly Scalable

SEPTEMBER 18, 2012

Historically, NoSQL paid a lot of attention to tradeoffs between consistency, fault-tolerance and performance to serve geographically distributed systems, low-latency or highly available applications. Isolated parts of the database can serve read/write requests in case of network partition. Read/Write latency. Data Placement.

Database 213

Database Latency C++ Scalability 213

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 20, 2019

Today we are excited to announce latency heatmaps and improved container support for our on-host monitoring solution?—?Vector?—?to Remotely view real-time process scheduler latency and tcp throughput with Vector and eBPF What is Vector? to the broader community. Vector is open source and in use by multiple companies.

Performance 216

Performance Latency Open Source Metrics 216

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

This architecture shift greatly reduced the processing latency and increased system resiliency. We expanded pipeline support to serve our studio/content-development use cases, which had different latency and resiliency requirements as compared to the traditional streaming use case. divide the input video into small chunks 2.

Processing 238

Processing Media Latency Innovation 238

Dynatrace

MAY 31, 2023

The growing amount of data processed at the network edge, where failures are more difficult to prevent, magnifies complexity. At the lowest level, SLIs provide a view of service availability, latency, performance, and capacity across systems. Visibility and automation are two of the most important SRE tools.

Best Practices 229

Best Practices DevOps Latency Metrics 229

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

As an example, cloud-based post-production editing and collaboration pipelines demand a complex set of functionalities, including the generation and hosting of high quality proxy content. The following table gives us an example of file sizes for 4K ProRes 422 HQ proxies.

Cloud 242

Cloud Media Storage Cache 242

The Morning Paper

NOVEMBER 10, 2019

Snap: a microkernel approach to host networking Marty et al., This paper describes the networking stack, Snap , that has been running in production at Google for the last three years+. The desire for CPU efficiency and lower latencies is easy to understand. SOSP’19. Emphasis mine). It reminds me of ZeroMQ.

Network 92

Network Transportation Latency Entertainment 92

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

For example, optimizing resource utilization for greater scale and lower cost and driving insights to increase adoption of cloud-native serverless services. This is where unified observability and Dynatrace Automations can help by leveraging causal AI and analytics to drive intelligent automation across your multicloud ecosystem.

AWS 253

AWS Efficiency Azure Cloud 253

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

Example call graph in Edgar In some cases, the question we’re answering is, “What’s happening right now??” A span: Represents a unit of work, such as a network call from one service to another (a client/server relationship) or a purely internal action (e.g., and every second without resolution can carry a heavy cost.

Latency 299

Latency Transportation Engineering Traffic 299

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Rajiv Shringi Vinay Chella Kaidan Fullerton Oleksii Tkachuk Joey Lynch Introduction As Netflix continues to expand and diversify into various sectors like Video on Demand and Gaming , the ability to ingest and store vast amounts of temporal data — often reaching petabytes — with millisecond access latency has become increasingly vital.

Latency 240

Latency Storage Traffic Tuning 240

Dynatrace

AUGUST 21, 2024

These releases often assumed ideal conditions such as zero latency, infinite bandwidth, and no network loss, as highlighted in Peter Deutsch’s eight fallacies of distributed systems. With Dynatrace, teams can seamlessly monitor the entire system, including network switches, database storage, and third-party dependencies.

Engineering 198

Engineering Systems Latency Metrics 198

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 10, 2024

Dynomite is a Netflix open source wrapper around Redis that provides a few additional features like auto-sharding and cross-region replication, and it provided Pushy with low latency and easy record expiry, both of which are critical for Pushy’s workload. As Pushy’s portfolio grew, we experienced some pain points with Dynomite.

Latency 235

Latency Cache Tuning Efficiency 235

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 18, 2020

High latency or lack of responses. You receive an alert message from Dynatrace (your infrastructure observability hub) letting you know that the average response latency of all deployed APIs has tripled. Is it the WSO2-AM gateway itself, a networking issue, a sudden increase in demand, or something else entirely?

Infrastructure 193

Infrastructure Latency Metrics Analytics 193

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 3, 2021

Remote calls are never free; they impose extra latency, increase probability of an error, and consume network bandwidth. In this example, if the caller only needs production title and production format, the Production service can avoid making remote calls to Schedule and Script services.

Design 246

Design Java Code Servers 246

The Netflix TechBlog

AUGUST 30, 2021

For example, when running tests, the state of the device will change from “available for testing” to “in test.” When a new hardware device is connected, the Local Registry detects and collects a set of information about it, such as networking information and ESN. In this blog post, we will focus on the latter feature set.

Latency 223

Latency Traffic Transportation Cloud 223

Dynatrace

JUNE 1, 2023

But how do you get started, and what are some service level objective examples? In this post, I’ll lay out five foundational service level objective examples that every DevOps and SRE team should consider. Five example SLOs for faster, more reliable apps 1. Note : you might hear the term latency used instead of response time.

Latency 183

Latency Website Traffic Virtualization 183

Dynatrace

APRIL 26, 2022

With DEM solutions, organizations can operate over on-premise network infrastructure or private or public cloud SaaS or IaaS offerings. STM generates traffic that replicates the typical path or behavior of a user on a network to measure performance for example, response times, availability, packet loss, latency, jitter, and other variables).

Monitoring 210

Monitoring Social Media IoT Metrics 210

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 19, 2020

a Netflix member via Twitter This is an example of a question our on-call engineers need to answer to help resolve a member issue?—?which Using simple lookup indices in Cassandra gives us the ability to maintain acceptable read latencies while doing heavy writes. which is difficult when troubleshooting distributed systems.

Infrastructure 239

Infrastructure Transportation Storage Open Source 239

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

A few years ago, we decided to address this complexity by spinning up a new initiative, and eventually a new team, to move the complex handling of user and device authentication, and various security protocols and tokens, to the edge of the network, managed by a set of centralized services, and a single team.

Architecture 229

Architecture Latency Servers Website 229

The Morning Paper

OCTOBER 4, 2020

We are standing on the eve of the 5G era… 5G, as a monumental shift in cellular communication technology, holds tremendous potential for spurring innovations across many vertical industries, with its promised multi-Gbps speed, sub-10 ms low latency, and massive connectivity. The first 5G networks are now deployed and operational.

Energy 130

Energy Latency Performance Network 130

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 23, 2020

Storage mount points in a system might be larger or smaller, local or remote, with high or low latency, and various speeds. Storage and network transfer of files is a measurable cost. For example: All subfolders of the /opt directory are mounted as local, low latency, high-throughput drives, with relatively low storage capacity.

Storage 150

Storage Latency Operating System Network 150

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 18, 2022

For example, a member-triggered event such as “ change in a profile’s maturity level” should have a much higher priority than a “ system diagnostic signal”. This network connection heterogeneity made choosing a single delivery model difficult. This approach enables the computing power to catch up quickly when the queues grow.

Systems 334

Systems Traffic Architecture Mobile 334

All Things Distributed

JULY 20, 2015

The pool of resources, at this time, is the CPU, memory, and networking resources of Amazon EC2 instances as partitioned by containers. networks ports, memory, CPU, etc). To be robust and scalable, this key/value store needs to be distributed for durability and availability, to protect against network partitions or hardware failures.

Latency 156

Latency Architecture AWS Open Source 156

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Netflix runs dozens of stateful services on AWS under strict sub-millisecond tail-latency requirements, which brings unique challenges. We showcase our case studies, open-source tools in benchmarking, and how we ensure that AWS cloud services are serving our needs without compromising on tail latencies.

AWS 38

AWS Entertainment Open Source Benchmarking 38

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 2, 2020

Failure can occur due to a myriad of reasons: misbehaving clients that trigger a retry storm, an under-scaled service in the backend, a bad deployment, a network blip, or issues with the cloud provider. Logs and background requests are examples of this type of traffic. The graph above is an example of how the cubic function is applied.

Traffic 261

Traffic Metrics Infrastructure Architecture 261

Dynatrace

APRIL 5, 2021

You will likely need to write code to integrate systems and handle complex tasks or incoming network requests. Some common examples include: A request through API Gateway or Amplify. AWS continues to improve how it handles latency issues. How does AWS Lambda work? The container goes inactive until triggered again.

Lambda 184

Lambda AWS Serverless Hardware 184

Dynatrace

MAY 17, 2023

Think about items such as general system metrics (for example, CPU utilization, free memory, number of services), the connectivity status, details of our web server, or even more granular in-application tasks like database queries. Let’s take our previous screenshot as an example.

Metrics 177

Metrics Database Monitoring Network 177