The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 3, 2021

Remote calls are never free; they impose extra latency, increase probability of an error, and consume network bandwidth. How can we achieve a similar functionality when designing our gRPC APIs? When we process a request it is often beneficial to know which fields the caller is interested in and which ones they ignore.

Design 246

Design Java Code Servers 246

High Scalability

FEBRUARY 17, 2021

We note that for MongoDB update latency is really very low (low is better) compared to other dbs, however the read latency is on the higher side. The latency table shows that 99th percentile latency for Yugabyte is quite high compared to others (lower is better). Again Yugabyte latency is quite high. Conclusion.

Benchmarking 308

Benchmarking Latency C++ Database 308

DZone

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Leveraging this hierarchical structure can significantly reduce latency and improve overall performance.

Cache 173

Cache Efficiency Architecture Design 173

DZone

SEPTEMBER 23, 2024

With the rise of microservices architecture , there has been a rapid acceleration in the modernization of legacy platforms, leveraging cloud infrastructure to deliver highly scalable, low-latency, and more responsive services. Why Use Spring WebFlux?

Performance 287

Performance Latency Architecture Programming 287

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 9, 2022

A quick canary test was free of errors and showed lower latency, which is expected given that our standard canary setup routes an equal amount of traffic to both the baseline running on 4xl and the canary on 12xl. What’s worse, average latency degraded by more than 50%, with both CPU and latency patterns becoming more “choppy.”

Hardware 363

Hardware Cache Performance Latency 363

Scalegrid

FEBRUARY 24, 2025

The architecture of RabbitMQ is meticulously designed for complex message routing, enabling dynamic and flexible interactions between producers and consumers. While clustering across wide-area networks (WANs) is discouraged due to latency issues, leased links can mitigate some connectivity challenges.

Best Practices 147

Best Practices Traffic Strategy Efficiency 147

Scalegrid

AUGUST 26, 2020

ScaleGrid MySQL on Azure so you can see which provider offers the best throughput and latency performance. We measure latency in ms 95th percentile latency. During Read-Intensive Workloads, ScaleGrid manages to achieve up to 3 times higher throughput and averages 66% better latency compared to Azure Database.

Azure 299

Azure Benchmarking Database Latency 299

CSS Wizardry

OCTOBER 16, 2023

Plotted on the same horizontal axis of 1.6s, the waterfalls speak for themselves: 201ms of cumulative latency; 109ms of cumulative download. 4,362ms of cumulative latency; 240ms of cumulative download. When we talk about downloading files, we—generally speaking—have two things to consider: latency and bandwidth. It gets worse.

Cache 353

Cache Latency Strategy Speed 353

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 18, 2024

These include challenges with tail latency and idempotency, managing “wide” partitions with many rows, handling single large “fat” columns, and slow response pagination. It also serves as central configuration of access patterns such as consistency or latency targets.

Latency 256

Latency Storage Cache Servers 256

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 25, 2023

The service should be able to serve real-time, aka UI, applications so CRUD and search operations should be achieved with low latency. Our service will be used by a lot of internal UI applications hence the latency for CRUD and search operations must be low. Search latency for the generic text queries are in milliseconds.

Scalability 287

Scalability Latency Media Architecture 287

DZone

JULY 2, 2024

We have run these benchmarks on the AWS EC2 instances and designed a custom dataset to make it as close as possible to real application use cases. We compare throughput, operations per second, and latency under different loads, namely the P90 and P99 percentiles.

Scalability 264

Scalability Performance Benchmarking Games 264

Dynatrace

MAY 23, 2024

Stream processing systems, designed for continuous, low-latency processing, demand swift recovery mechanisms to tolerate and mitigate failures effectively. We designed experimental scenarios inspired by chaos engineering. This significantly increases event latency. Recovery time of the throughput metric.

Engineering 245

Engineering Tuning Latency Open Source 245

The Netflix TechBlog

DECEMBER 17, 2024

The Challenge of Title Launch Observability As engineers, were wired to track system metrics like error rates, latencies, and CPU utilizationbut what about metrics that matter to a titlessuccess? How can we design systems that recognize these nuances and empower every title to shine and bring joy to ourmembers?

Traffic 168

Traffic Scalability Strategy Monitoring 168

DZone

NOVEMBER 16, 2023

The circuit breaker is a design pattern that prevents cascading failures and improves the overall availability and performance of a system. A dependency can become unhealthy or unavailable for various reasons, such as network failures, high latency, timeouts, errors, or overload. What Is a Circuit Breaker?

Latency 264

Latency Network Database Monitoring 264

InfoQ

APRIL 26, 2024

Allegro experimented with different performance optimization options to improve Apache Kafka producer tail latency and eventually switched all its clusters to the XFS filesystem. The company used Kafka protocol sniffing, JVM profiling, and eBPF, which proved instrumental in identifying and eliminating performance bottlenecks.

Latency 114

Latency Performance Tuning Scalability 114

CSS Wizardry

MAY 31, 2019

Every new origin we need to visit needs a connection opening, and that can be very costly: DNS resolution, TCP handshakes, and TLS negotiation all add up, and the story gets worse the higher the latency of the connection is. On a slower, higher-latency connection, the story is much, mush worse. All completely avoidable. to just 3.6s.

Cache 277

Cache Latency Infrastructure Website 277

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Rajiv Shringi Vinay Chella Kaidan Fullerton Oleksii Tkachuk Joey Lynch Introduction As Netflix continues to expand and diversify into various sectors like Video on Demand and Gaming , the ability to ingest and store vast amounts of temporal data — often reaching petabytes — with millisecond access latency has become increasingly vital.

Latency 235

Latency Storage Traffic Infrastructure 235

Dynatrace

JUNE 7, 2023

A typical design pattern is the use of a semantic search over a domain-specific knowledge base, like internal documentation, to provide the required context in the prompt. With these latency, reliability, and cost measurements in place, your operations team can now define their own OpenAI dashboards and SLOs.

Monitoring 241

Monitoring Latency Metrics Azure 241

Dynatrace

JUNE 25, 2020

The network latency between cluster nodes should be around 10 ms or less. For Premium HA, this has been extended from 10 ms latency (in the same network region) to around 100 ms network latency due to asynchronous data replication between regions. In the image below, three downed nodes make an entire cluster unavailable.

Availability 264

Availability Hardware Latency Traffic 264

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

Uploading and downloading data always come with a penalty, namely latency. Figure 2: Cloud Resource and Job Sizes This initial architecture was designed at a time when packaging from a list of chunks was not possible and terabyte-sized files were not considered. thus making this design viable. at most few parts at a time?—?thus

Cloud 240

Cloud Media Storage Cache 240

Dynatrace

AUGUST 27, 2019

Welcome back to the blog series in which we share how you can easily solve three common problem scenarios by using Dynatrace and xMatters Flow Designer. This is where xMatters Flow Designer comes into play, by automating remediation steps at the touch of a button. Step 5 – xMatters triggers a runbook in Ansible to fix the disk latency.

Systems 208

Systems DevOps Latency Azure 208

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 255

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 255

Dynatrace

MARCH 16, 2023

Monitors signals The first attribute of a good SLO is the ability to monitor the four “golden signals”: latency, traffic, error rates, and resource saturation. In practice, however, SLOs’ value varies significantly based on how teams design, deploy, and manage them.

DevOps 264

DevOps Latency Metrics Traffic 264

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 10, 2024

To support this growth, we’ve revisited Pushy’s past assumptions and design decisions with an eye towards both Pushy’s future role and future stability. In our case, we value low latency — the faster we can read from KeyValue, the faster these messages can get delivered.

Latency 230

Latency Cache Tuning Efficiency 230

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 1, 2021

It supports both high throughput services that consume hundreds of thousands of CPUs at a time, and latency-sensitive workloads where humans are waiting for the results of a computation. The subsystems all communicate with each other asynchronously via Timestone, a high-scale, low-latency priority queuing system. Warm capacity.

Serverless 232

Serverless Media Latency Social Media 232

InfoQ

DECEMBER 4, 2023

to HTTP2, resulting in a reduction in the number of connections, latency, and garbage collection times. LinkedIn was able to dramatically improve the scalability and performance of its Espresso database by migrating it from HTTP1.1 To achieve these gains, the team had to optimize the Netty’s default HTTP2 stack to make it fit their needs.

Latency 101

Latency Scalability Database Performance 101

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 3, 2022

In that scenario, the system would need to deal with the data propagation latency directly, for example, by use of timeouts or client-originated update tracking mechanisms. We started seeing increased response latencies and leader servers running at dangerously high utilization. The query rate in this test is set to 1K requests/second.

Cache 228

Cache Latency Traffic Systems 228

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 8, 2020

For each route we migrated, we wanted to make sure we were not introducing any regressions: either in the form of missing (or worse, wrong) data, or by increasing the latency of each endpoint. Being able to canary a new route let us verify latency and error rates were within acceptable limits. This meant that data that was static (e.g.

Latency 237

Latency Cache Java Traffic 237

Dynatrace

APRIL 5, 2021

You can eliminate the latency issues caused by cold starts — an increase in normal response time when a new instance receives its first request — by using edge-optimized functions that run code closer to users and other projects. AWS continues to improve how it handles latency issues. It helps SRE teams automate responses.

Lambda 258

Lambda AWS Serverless Hardware 258

Dynatrace

FEBRUARY 24, 2021

As Google’s Ben Treynor explains , “Fundamentally, it’s what happens when you ask a software engineer to design an operations function.” Designating and managing Service Level Objectives (SLOs) as availability targets for a service. Reduced latency. Efficiency. Streamlined change management.

DevOps 268

DevOps Software Engineering Speed Google 268

Dynatrace

MAY 17, 2023

The Dynatrace Site Reliability Guardian is designed for this practice; it allows development teams to define quality objectives in their code, which is validated throughout the delivery process before the code reaches production. The queries are depicted below (sensitive data has been removed).

DevOps 246

DevOps Traffic Latency Best Practices 246

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 17, 2022

Our approach to NN-based video downscaling The deep downscaler is a neural network architecture designed to improve the end-to-end video quality by learning a higher-quality video downscaler. We employed an adaptive network design that is applicable to the wide variety of resolutions we use for encoding.

Network 296

Network Media Innovation Efficiency 296

All Things Distributed

JANUARY 18, 2012

a Fast and Scalable NoSQL Database Service Designed for Internet Scale Applications. Today is a very exciting day as we release Amazon DynamoDB , a fast, highly reliable and cost-effective NoSQL database service designed for internet scale applications. Amazon DynamoDB offers low, predictable latencies at any scale. Comments ().

Scalability 162

Scalability Database Ecommerce Latency 162

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 18, 2022

Scaling Policies To address the thundering herd problem and to keep latencies under acceptable thresholds, the cluster scale-up policies are configured to be more aggressive than the scale-down policies. This approach enables the computing power to catch up quickly when the queues grow.

Systems 334

Systems Traffic Architecture Mobile 334

Dynatrace

JANUARY 31, 2024

For production models, this provides observability of service-level agreement (SLA) performance metrics, such as token consumption, latency, availability, response time, and error count. Beyond SLAs, the emergence of machine learning technical debt poses an additional challenge for model observability.

Cache 276

Cache Azure Infrastructure Monitoring 276

Dynatrace

JANUARY 13, 2022

Providing insight into the service latency to help developers identify poorly performing code. And UX designers can use that data to better understand how users interact with an application and how developers can streamline the interface. Want to learn more? There are also some limitations of real user monitoring.

Monitoring 245

Monitoring Mobile Latency Best Practices 245

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

This architecture shift greatly reduced the processing latency and increased system resiliency. We expanded pipeline support to serve our studio/content-development use cases, which had different latency and resiliency requirements as compared to the traditional streaming use case. divide the input video into small chunks 2.

Processing 233

Processing Media Latency Innovation 233