The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 18, 2024

message Item ( Bytes key, Bytes value, Metadata metadata, Integer chunk ) Database Agnostic Abstraction The KV abstraction is designed to hide the implementation details of the underlying database, offering a consistent interface to application developers regardless of the optimal storage system for that use case.

Latency 260

Latency Storage Cache Efficiency 260

The Netflix TechBlog

MAY 4, 2023

Behind the scenes, a myriad of systems and services are involved in orchestrating the product experience. These backend systems are consistently being evolved and optimized to meet and exceed customer and product expectations. This technique facilitates validation on multiple fronts.

Traffic 347

Traffic Latency Tuning Systems 347

CSS Wizardry

OCTOBER 16, 2023

If you wanted to cache a file ‘forever’, you’d probably use a Cache-Control header like this: Cache-Control: max-age=31536000 This instructs any cache that it may store and reuse a response for one year (60 seconds × 60 minutes × 24 hours × 365 days = 31,536,000 seconds ). But why one year? Why not 10 years? 6bb70b2a.css.

Cache 215

Cache C++ Servers Internet 215

Scalegrid

AUGUST 30, 2019

Redis , short for Remote Dictionary Server, is a BSD-licensed, open-source in-memory key-value data structure store written in C language by Salvatore Sanfillipo and was first released on May 10, 2009. Depending on how it is configured, Redis can act like a database, a cache or a message broker. Redis Strings. Redis Strings Use Cases.

Cache 232

Cache Ecommerce Social Media Database 232

Scalegrid

JULY 8, 2020

In this post, we will explain the Redis transactional property of scripts, what this error is about, and why we must be extra careful about it on Sentinel-managed systems that can failover. If the script has already performed writes to the server and must still be killed, use the SHUTDOWN NOSAVE to shutdown the server completely.

Servers 239

Servers Database Availability Monitoring 239

Dynatrace

JANUARY 31, 2024

GenAI is prone to erratic behavior due to unforeseen data scenarios or underlying system issues. The RAG process begins by summarizing and converting user prompts into queries that are sent to a search platform that uses semantic similarities to find relevant data in vector databases, semantic caches, or other online data sources.

Cache 276

Cache Azure Infrastructure Monitoring 276

The Netflix TechBlog

MAY 19, 2023

By Chris Wolfe , Joey Schorr , and Victor Roldán Betancort Introduction The authorization team at Netflix recently sponsored work to add Attribute Based Access Control (ABAC) support to AuthZed’s open source Google Zanzibar inspired authorization system, SpiceDB. This would be a significant departure from its existing policy based system.

Cache 255

Cache Google Open Source Systems 255

CSS Wizardry

SEPTEMBER 16, 2024

Reduce Transfer Size Broadly simplified… Web servers don’t send whole files at once—they chunk them into packets and send those. permitted the opening of multiple simultaneous connections to a server at once. Interestingly, 304 responses are still a form of redirect: the server is redirecting your visitor back to their HTTP cache.

Latency 244

Latency Cache Transportation Mobile 244

Dynatrace

AUGUST 30, 2019

She was speaking about how her team is providing Visibility as a Service (VaaS) in order to continuously monitor and optimize their systems running across private and public cloud environments. Missing Cache Settings – Make sure you cache resources that don’t change often on the browser or use a CDN.

Cache 214

Cache Database Architecture Government 214

Dynatrace

OCTOBER 7, 2021

Serverless architecture shifts application hosting functions away from local servers onto those managed by providers. This means you no longer have to provision, scale, and maintain servers to run your applications, databases, and storage systems. Serverless architecture: A primer. Application integration. Data Store.

Serverless 325

Serverless AWS Lambda Storage 325

John McCalpin

FEBRUARY 17, 2025

The Multicore Era Over the past ~15 years, server processors from Intel and AMD have evolved from the early quad-core processors to the current monsters with over 50 cores per socket. Understanding sustained memory bandwidth in these systems starts with assuming 100% utilization and then reviewing the factors that get in the way (e.g.,

Latency 71

Latency Hardware Cache Systems 71

High Scalability

JANUARY 11, 2022

When the server receives a request for an action (post, like etc.) The streaming data store makes the system extensible to support other use-cases (e.g. System Components. The system will comprise of several micro-services each performing a separate task. High Level Design. Architecture. Optimization.

Design 334

Design Media Storage Logistics 334

Scalegrid

FEBRUARY 8, 2024

A distributed storage system is foundational in today’s data-driven landscape, ensuring data spread over multiple servers is reliable, accessible, and manageable. This guide delves into how these systems work, the challenges they solve, and their essential role in businesses and technology.

Storage 130

Storage Systems Big Data Azure 130

Alex Russell

MARCH 31, 2022

Browsers will cache tools popular among vocal, leading-edge developers. There's plenty of space for caching most popular frameworks. The best available proxy data also suggests that shared caches would have a minimal positive effect on performance. Browsers now understand the classic shared HTTP cache behaviour as a privacy bug.

Cache 89

Cache Government Traffic Network 89

Percona

NOVEMBER 1, 2023

Without going further into the reasons for such a need, I wanted to refresh this subject in terms of overhead related to running the command on production systems. A lot has changed since then, but many production systems alive today still run with affected versions. Let’s recap how the situation has evolved over the years.

Servers 117

Servers Database Cache C++ 117

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 29, 2020

Poor network connectivity coupled with frequently changing configuration values in response to user activity means that on-device rule evaluation is preferable to server-side evaluation. Disk cache Of course, network connectivity may not always be available so downloaded rule sets need to be cached to disk.

Mobile 279

Mobile Cache Network Technology 279

Smashing Magazine

MAY 16, 2022

Rethinking Server-Timing As A Critical Monitoring Tool. Rethinking Server-Timing As A Critical Monitoring Tool. In the world of HTTP Headers, there is one header that I believe deserves more air-time and that is the Server-Timing header. Setting Server-Timing. Sean Roberts. 2022-05-16T10:00:00+00:00.

Servers 111

Servers Monitoring Cache Network 111

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 10, 2024

By Karthik Yagna , Baskar Odayarkoil , and Alex Ellis Pushy is Netflix’s WebSocket server that maintains persistent WebSocket connections with devices running the Netflix application. Sample system diagram for an Alexa voice command. The other main use case was RENO, the Rapid Event Notification System mentioned above.

Latency 234

Latency Cache Tuning Efficiency 234

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 4, 2019

No single service has complete context into how the system works. By batching and parallelizing the requests to retrieve many creatives via a single query to the GraphQL server, we can optimize the index building process. Best of all, our page can load much faster since everything is cached in Elasticsearch. Search Indexer.

Database 246

Database Cache Servers Performance 246

Dynatrace

NOVEMBER 3, 2021

Logging provides additional data but is typically viewed in isolation of a broader system context. Observability is the ability to understand a system’s internal state by analyzing the data it generates, such as logs, metrics, and traces. Monitoring typically provides a limited view of system data focused on individual metrics.

Monitoring 264

Monitoring Metrics DevOps Scalability 264

Dynatrace

MARCH 22, 2023

This method involves providing the lowest level of access by default, deleting inactive accounts, and auditing server activity. For these, it’s important to turn off auto-completing forms, encrypt data both in transit and at rest with up-to-date encryption techniques, and disable caching on data collection forms.

Open Source 246

Open Source Artificial Intelligence Internet Internet 246

tRPC

MARCH 20, 2025

mutation (resolver: ProcedureResolver , typeof unsetMarker, void>): MutationProcedure ">mutation ( async ({ " style="border-bottom: solid 2px lightgrey;">input }) => { (parameter) input: ReadableStream<any> }), }); {this.classList.remove("copied"),this.textContent="Copy"},2e3)">Copy React Server Components / Next.js

Servers 72

Servers Cache Processing Design 72

Dynatrace

MAY 17, 2023

Anyone who’s concerned with developing, delivering, and operating software knows the importance of making software and the systems it runs on observable. When software runs in a monolithic stack on on-site servers, observability is manageable enough. Why should I adopt observability?

Metrics 245

Metrics Open Source Traffic Cache 245

Percona

SEPTEMBER 28, 2023

Whenever you install your favorite MySQL server on a freshly created Ubuntu instance, you start by updating the configuration for MySQL, such as configuring buffer pool, changing the default datadir director, and disabling one of the most outstanding features – query cache. It’s a nice thing to do, but first things first.

Servers 128

Servers Best Practices Database Open Source 128

Scalegrid

OCTOBER 2, 2019

This Redis management solution allows startups up to enterprise-level organizations automate their Redis operations on Microsoft Azure dedicated cloud servers, alongside their other open source database deployments, including MongoDB , MySQL and PostgreSQL. PALO ALTO, Calif.,

Azure 37

Azure Cloud Open Source Virtualization 37

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 16, 2019

Dataset propagation At Netflix we use an in-house dataset pub/sub system called Gutenberg. Often the data is held in memory by consumers and used as a “total cache”, where it is accessed at runtime by client code and atomically swapped out under the hood. Gutenberg allows for propagating versioned datasets ?—?consumers

Cache 191

Cache Architecture Metrics Java 191

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Note: Contrary to what the name may suggest, this system is not built as a general-purpose time series database. Those use cases are well served by the Netflix Atlas telemetry system. Effectively managing this data at scale to extract valuable insights is crucial for ensuring optimal user experiences and system reliability.

Latency 239

Latency Storage Traffic Tuning 239

Percona

APRIL 6, 2023

PostgreSQL is a popular open source relational database management system many organizations use to store and manage their data. This means that as your application grows and more clients connect to the database, pgpool-II can distribute the load across multiple servers, preventing any one server from becoming overwhelmed.

Cache 138

Cache Open Source Benchmarking Database 138

SQL Performance

OCTOBER 7, 2020

Its raison d’être is to cache result rows from a plan subtree, then replay those rows on subsequent iterations if any correlated loop parameters are unchanged. Table-valued functions use a table variable, which can be used to cache and replay results in suitable circumstances. Spools are the least costly way to cache partial results.

Servers 106

Servers Cache Azure Performance 106

SQL Performance

SEPTEMBER 21, 2022

Even SQL Server stores some flag-based data using bitwise representation. Examples include the following: The set_options and required_cursor_options cached plan attributes, which you obtain using the sys.dm_exec_plan_attributes DMF. Setting the server configuration option “ user options” using bitwise representation.

Servers 122

Servers C++ Code Cache 122

Percona

APRIL 7, 2023

If we were to select the most important MySQL setting, if we were given a freshly installed MySQL or Percona Server for MySQL and could only tune a single MySQL variable, which one would it be? Sysbench ran on a third server, which I’ll refer to as the application server (APP).

Tuning 145

Tuning Cache Servers Benchmarking 145

Scalegrid

JANUARY 25, 2024

You will need to know which monitoring metrics for Redis to watch and a tool to monitor these critical server metrics to ensure its health. Evaluating factors like hit rate, which assesses cache efficiency level, or tracking key evictions from the cache are also essential elements during the Redis monitoring process.

Metrics 130

Metrics Monitoring Latency Cache 130

All Things Distributed

AUGUST 17, 2011

Werner Vogels weblog on building scalable and robust distributed systems. No Server Required - Jekyll & Amazon S3. Amazon S3 is much more than just storage; the network and distributed systems infrastructure to ensure that content can be served fast and at high rates without customers impacting each other, is amazing.

Servers 109

Servers Social Media AWS Website 109

Smashing Magazine

SEPTEMBER 28, 2022

The resource loading waterfall is a cascade of files downloaded from the network server to the client to load your website from start to finish. On design systems, UX, web performance and CSS/JS. Client Side Rendering, Server Side Rendering And Jamstack. But during SSR, the client retrieves the HTML from the server.

Cache 141

Cache Performance Servers Architecture 141

The Netflix TechBlog

JULY 21, 2022

device characteristics come from our on-field knowledge and runtime memory data comes from real-time user data pushed to our servers. Some features (as an example) include Device Type ID, SDK Version, Buffer Sizes, Cache Capacities, UI resolution, Chipset Manufacturer and Brand. Labeling the data? of the time (False Positives).

Big Data 188

Big Data Cache Engineering Data Engineering 188

Scalegrid

MARCH 28, 2024

Key Takeaways Redis offers complex data structures and additional features for versatile data handling, while Memcached excels in simplicity with a fast, multi-threaded architecture for basic caching needs. Redis is better suited for complex data models, and Memcached is better suited for high-throughput, string-based caching scenarios.

Cache 130

Cache Storage Architecture Scalability 130

All Things Distributed

SEPTEMBER 3, 2013

Amazon RDS , with support for MySQL, SQL Server and Oracle databases, is for customers with apps where relational database features and support for a specific brand of database are critical. Amazon ElastiCache is a fully managed, in-memory caching service for customers to optimize the latency, performance and cost of their read workloads.

Cache 97

Cache Cloud Performance Retail 97