The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 258

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 258

Scalegrid

AUGUST 30, 2019

Depending on how it is configured, Redis can act like a database, a cache or a message broker. It’s important to note that Redis is a NoSQL database system. Session Cache: Many websites leverage Redis Strings to create a session cache to speed up their website experience by caching HTML fragments or pages.

Cache 232

Cache Ecommerce Social Media Database 232

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 18, 2024

message Item ( Bytes key, Bytes value, Metadata metadata, Integer chunk ) Database Agnostic Abstraction The KV abstraction is designed to hide the implementation details of the underlying database, offering a consistent interface to application developers regardless of the optimal storage system for that use case.

Latency 260

Latency Storage Cache Servers 260

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

Lastly, the packager kicks in, adding a system layer to the asset, making it ready to be consumed by the clients. It is worth pointing out that cloud processing is always subject to variable network conditions. There are existing distributed file systems for the cloud as well as off-the-shelf FUSE modules for S3.

Cloud 242

Cloud Media Storage Cache 242

CSS Wizardry

SEPTEMBER 16, 2024

This gives fascinating insights into the network topography of our visitors, and how much we might be impacted by high latency regions. You can’t change that someone was from Nigeria, you can’t change that someone was on a mobile, and you can’t change their network conditions. Go and give it a quick read—the context will help.

Latency 234

Latency Cache Transportation Mobile 234

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 6, 2019

Mounting object storage in Netflix’s media processing platform By Barak Alon (on behalf of Netflix’s Media Cloud Engineering team) MezzFS (short for “Mezzanine File System”) is a tool we’ve developed at Netflix that mounts cloud objects as local files via FUSE. Disk Caching? — ? Regional caching? —?Netflix Replays? —?More

Media 218

Media Storage Processing Cache 218

Scalegrid

FEBRUARY 8, 2024

A distributed storage system is foundational in today’s data-driven landscape, ensuring data spread over multiple servers is reliable, accessible, and manageable. This guide delves into how these systems work, the challenges they solve, and their essential role in businesses and technology.

Storage 130

Storage Systems Big Data Azure 130

Alex Russell

MARCH 31, 2022

Browsers will cache tools popular among vocal, leading-edge developers. There's plenty of space for caching most popular frameworks. The best available proxy data also suggests that shared caches would have a minimal positive effect on performance. Browsers now understand the classic shared HTTP cache behaviour as a privacy bug.

Cache 89

Cache Government Traffic Network 89

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 13, 2023

Mobile applications (apps) are an increasingly important channel for reaching customers, but the distributed nature of mobile app platforms and delivery networks can cause performance problems that leave users frustrated, or worse, turning to competitors. Load time and network latency metrics. Minimize network requests.

Best Practices 246

Best Practices Mobile Metrics Performance 246

Dynatrace

AUGUST 1, 2022

Interestingly, our partner RedHat reported in 2021 that around 80% of deployed workloads are databases or data caches, storing data in persistent volume claims (PVCs). For example, let’s say you have an idea for a new social network and decide to use Kubernetes as your container management platform.

Storage 246

Storage Database Network Metrics 246

Dynatrace

AUGUST 30, 2019

She was speaking about how her team is providing Visibility as a Service (VaaS) in order to continuously monitor and optimize their systems running across private and public cloud environments. Missing Cache Settings – Make sure you cache resources that don’t change often on the browser or use a CDN.

Cache 214

Cache Database Architecture Government 214

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

This is a set of best practices and guidelines that help you design and operate reliable, secure, efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable systems in the cloud. Storing frequently accessed data in faster storage, usually in-memory caching, improves data retrieval speed and overall system performance. Beyond

AWS 305

AWS Efficiency Azure Cloud 305

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 8, 2020

This allows the app to query a list of “paths” in each HTTP request, and get specially formatted JSON (jsonGraph) that we use to cache the data and hydrate the UI. Latencies The old api service was running on the same “machine” that also cached a lot of video metadata (by design). This meant that data that was static (e.g.

Latency 241

Latency Cache Java Traffic 241

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 23, 2020

Introducing gnmi-gateway: a modular, distributed, and highly available service for modern network telemetry via OpenConfig and gNMI By: Colin McIntosh, Michael Costello Netflix runs its own content delivery network, Open Connect , which delivers all streaming traffic to our members.

Open Source 188

Open Source Network Transportation Cache 188

Scalegrid

OCTOBER 2, 2019

The demand for Redis is skyrocketing across dozens of use cases, particularly for cache, queues, geospatial data, and high speed transactions. Redis, the #1 key-value store and top 10 database in the world, has grown by over 300% in popularity over that past 5 years, per the DB-Engines knowledge base.

Azure 37

Azure Cloud Open Source Virtualization 37

Dynatrace

MAY 17, 2023

Anyone who’s concerned with developing, delivering, and operating software knows the importance of making software and the systems it runs on observable. With observability, you can get a better understanding of how your systems behave and what they do, especially in case of errors. Why should I adopt observability?

Metrics 245

Metrics Open Source Traffic Cache 245

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 15, 2022

But it’s not easy: to pull this off, VFX studios need to build and operate serious technical infrastructure (compute, storage, networking, and software licensing), otherwise known as a “ render farm.” Additionally, Conductor supports render management systems?—?including including AWS Thinkbox Deadline and Pixar’s Tractor.

Cloud 291

Cloud Entertainment AWS Infrastructure 291

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 10, 2024

Sample system diagram for an Alexa voice command. The other main use case was RENO, the Rapid Event Notification System mentioned above. Rewriting always comes with a risk, and it’s never the first solution we reach for, particularly when working with a system that’s in place and working well.

Latency 234

Latency Cache Tuning Efficiency 234

Highly Scalable

SEPTEMBER 18, 2012

As such, it encompasses distributed system coordination, failover, resource management and many other capabilities. These developments gradually highlight a system of relevant database building blocks with proven practical efficiency. System Coordination. Scalability is one of the main drivers of the NoSQL movement.

Database 213

Database Latency C++ Scalability 213

Particular Software

MAY 22, 2023

Is this the best way to build a system, though? For example, you might need the data to be denormalized for performance, or the warehouse data might exist on a physically different system that can’t participate in a database join. From a technical perspective, attributes that change together should also be cached similarly.

Systems 98

Systems Cache Strategy Database 98

Scalegrid

APRIL 16, 2020

A vast majority of the features are the same, outside of these advanced features available through the BYOC model: Virtual Private Clouds / Virtual Networks. Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPC) and Azure Virtual Networks (VNET) are private, isolated sections of the cloud infrastructure where you can launch resources. Expert Tip.

Cloud 242

Cloud Azure AWS Database 242

CSS Wizardry

MAY 19, 2020

It’s widely accepted that self-hosted fonts are the fastest option: same origin means reduced network negotiation, predictable URLs mean we can preload , self-hosted means we can set our own cache-control. However, the execution of this header is bound by the response’s TTFB, which on high-latency networks can be very, very high.

Google 364

Google Media Latency Metrics 364

Abhishek Tiwari

DECEMBER 16, 2024

As microservices architectures have become increasingly prevalent in modern software systems, they’ve brought both tremendous benefits and significant challenges. One of the most pressing challenges has been maintaining performance at scale while dealing with complex service dependencies and network communication overhead.

Cache 59

Cache Innovation Architecture Network 59

All Things Distributed

SEPTEMBER 3, 2013

Amazon ElastiCache is a fully managed, in-memory caching service for customers to optimize the latency, performance and cost of their read workloads. The db.cr1.8xlarge has 88 ECUs, 244GB of memory, high-bandwidth network, and the ability to deliver up to 20,000 IOPS for MySQL 5.6,

Cache 99

Cache Cloud Performance Retail 99

The Netflix TechBlog

JULY 1, 2019

Our UI runs on top of a custom rendering engine which uses what we call a “surface cache” to optimize our use of graphics memory. Surface Cache Surface cache is a reserved pool in main memory (or separate graphics memory on a minority of systems) that the Netflix app uses for storing textures (decoded images and cached resources).

Cache 167

Cache Design Testing Development 167

Smashing Magazine

DECEMBER 23, 2020

However, let’s take a step further and learn how to deploy modern qualities to PWAs, such as offline functionality, network-based optimizing, cross-device user experience, SEO capabilities, and non-intrusive notifications and requests. When developing a PWA, you can cache the application shell’s resources and assets in the browser.

Cache 136

Cache Internet Internet Google 136

Smashing Magazine

SEPTEMBER 28, 2022

The resource loading waterfall is a cascade of files downloaded from the network server to the client to load your website from start to finish. It essentially describes the lifetime of each file you download to load your page from the network. You can see this by opening your browser and looking in the Networking tab.

Cache 141

Cache Performance Servers Architecture 141

Percona

APRIL 24, 2023

The urge to create more and more indexes is found to be causing severe damage in many systems. Many times, removing indexes is what we should be doing first before considering any new indexes for the benefit of the entire system. This post is about PostgreSQL, but most of the problems also apply to other database systems.

Tuning 139

Tuning Cache Storage Database 139

All Things Distributed

DECEMBER 5, 2010

Werner Vogels weblog on building scalable and robust distributed systems. I am very excited that today we have launched Amazon Route 53, a high-performance and highly-available Domain Name System (DNS) service. Naming is one of the fundamental concepts in Distributed Systems. By Werner Vogels on 05 December 2010 02:00 PM.

Cloud 113

Cloud Internet Internet AWS 113

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Note: Contrary to what the name may suggest, this system is not built as a general-purpose time series database. Those use cases are well served by the Netflix Atlas telemetry system. Effectively managing this data at scale to extract valuable insights is crucial for ensuring optimal user experiences and system reliability.

Latency 239

Latency Storage Traffic Tuning 239

Scalegrid

MARCH 28, 2024

Key Takeaways Redis offers complex data structures and additional features for versatile data handling, while Memcached excels in simplicity with a fast, multi-threaded architecture for basic caching needs. Redis is better suited for complex data models, and Memcached is better suited for high-throughput, string-based caching scenarios.

Cache 130

Cache Storage Scalability Architecture 130

Smashing Magazine

JUNE 29, 2021

Without build optimizations (incremental builds, caching, we will get to those soon) this will eventually become unmanageable as well — think about going through all images in a website: resizing, deleting, and/or creating new files over and over again. The cache is invalidated on a time basis. On-Demand Builders.

Cache 139

Cache Website Strategy Traffic 139

Scalegrid

JANUARY 25, 2024

Effective management of memory stores with policies like LRU/LFU proactive monitoring of the replication process and advanced metrics such as cache hit ratio and persistence indicators are crucial for ensuring data integrity and optimizing Redis’s performance. Cache Hit Ratio The cache hit ratio represents the efficiency of cache usage.

Metrics 130

Metrics Monitoring Latency Cache 130

Dynatrace

APRIL 21, 2022

Using a data-driven approach to size Azure resources, Dynatrace OneAgent captures host metrics out-of-the-box to assess CPU, memory, and network utilization on a VM host. To optimize your back-end systems, you can use the service flow view within Dynatrace to identify layers of application architecture. Missing caching layers.

Azure 246

Azure Monitoring Virtualization Metrics 246

KeyCDN

FEBRUARY 4, 2021

DNS, which stands for domain name system , is an Internet service that translates domains names into IP addresses. ISPs do cache DNS however which means if your first provider goes down it will still try to query the first DNS server for a period of time before querying for the second one. What is DNS?

Cache 134

Cache Website Internet Internet 134

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 5, 2019

the order of the rows on your Netflix home page, issuing content licenses when you click play, finding the Open Connect cache closest to you with the content you requested, and many more). Data Lineage Can we develop a generalized lineage system to develop relationships among various data artifacts stored across Netflix data landscape?

Infrastructure 185

Infrastructure Cloud Scalability AWS 185

Smashing Magazine

JANUARY 11, 2021

Build Optimizations JavaScript modules, module/nomodule pattern, tree-shaking, code-splitting, scope-hoisting, Webpack, differential serving, web worker, WebAssembly, JavaScript bundles, React, SPA, partial hydration, import on interaction, 3rd-parties, cache. Moto G4) on a slow 3G network, emulated at 400ms RTT and 400kbps transfer speed.

Performance 145

Performance Cache Media Metrics 145