The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Rajiv Shringi Vinay Chella Kaidan Fullerton Oleksii Tkachuk Joey Lynch Introduction As Netflix continues to expand and diversify into various sectors like Video on Demand and Gaming , the ability to ingest and store vast amounts of temporal data — often reaching petabytes — with millisecond access latency has become increasingly vital.

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Latency Storage Traffic Tuning 239

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 7, 2023

These media focused machine learning algorithms as well as other teams generate a lot of data from the media files, which we described in our previous blog , are stored as annotations in Marken. But we cannot search or present low latency retrievals from files Etc. in a video file. This is obviously very expensive.

Media 272

Media Latency Architecture Database 272

DZone

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Caching is a critical technique for optimizing application performance by temporarily storing frequently accessed data, allowing for faster retrieval during subsequent requests. Multi-layered caching involves using multiple levels of cache to store and retrieve data.

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Cache Efficiency Architecture Design 173

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 28, 2025

Furthermore, it was difficult to transfer innovations from one model to another, given that most are independently trained despite using common data sources. Yet, many are confined to a brief temporal window due to constraints in serving latency or training costs.

Tuning 165

Tuning Efficiency Latency Strategy 165

High Scalability

FEBRUARY 17, 2021

This is guest post by Sachin Sinha who is passionate about data, analytics and machine learning at scale. Load stage is to load the data and then run stage we run the test. Load is consistent for all dbs for all tests as expected as this phase is to load the data. Again Yugabyte latency is quite high.

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Benchmarking Latency C++ Database 308

DZone

MAY 1, 2023

Caches are very useful software components that all engineers must know. It is a transversal component that applies to all the tech areas and architecture layers such as operating systems, data platforms, backend, frontend, and other components. What Is a Cache?

Cache 147

Cache Strategy Latency Operating System 147

Dynatrace

OCTOBER 4, 2022

While data lakes and data warehousing architectures are commonly used modes for storing and analyzing data, a data lakehouse is an efficient third way to store and analyze data that unifies the two architectures while preserving the benefits of both. What is a data lakehouse? How does a data lakehouse work?

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Artificial Intelligence Storage Analytics Government 246

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 14, 2023

The GraphQL shim enabled client engineers to move quickly onto GraphQL, figure out client-side concerns like cache normalization, experiment with different GraphQL clients, and investigate client performance without being blocked by server-side migrations. In such cases, we were not testing for response data but overall behavior.

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Traffic Latency Metrics Cache 357

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 258

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 258

High Scalability

JANUARY 11, 2022

from a client it performs two parallel operations: i) persisting the action in the data store ii) publish the action in a streaming data store for a pub-sub model. User Feed Service, Media Counter Service) read the actions from the streaming data store and performs their specific tasks. Data Models. Graph Data Models.

Design 334

Design Media Storage Logistics 334

Dynatrace

APRIL 7, 2022

One of these solutions is Micrometer which provides 17+ pre-instrumented JVM-based frameworks for data collection and enables instrumentation code with a vendor-neutral API. That’s a large amount of data to handle. This creates a lot of complexity given different data sources, components, and tools. of Micrometer.

Metrics 246

Metrics Java Latency Cache 246

Dynatrace

JANUARY 31, 2024

This blog post explores how AI observability enables organizations to predict and control costs, performance, and data reliability. It also shows how data observability relates to business outcomes as organizations embrace generative AI. GenAI is prone to erratic behavior due to unforeseen data scenarios or underlying system issues.

Cache 276

Cache Azure Infrastructure Monitoring 276

Smashing Magazine

FEBRUARY 12, 2025

What Network Latency Means For Time To First Byte Lets add up all the network round trips in the example above: 2 server connections: 6 round trips. That means that before we even get the first response byte for our page we actually have to send data back and forth between the browser and a server eight times!

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Servers Latency Cache Website 78

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 8, 2020

This allowed Android engineers to have much more control and observability over how we get our data. Background The Netflix Android app uses the falcor data model and query protocol. For example, the artwork service is separate from the video metadata service, but we need the data from both in the detail key.

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Latency Cache Java Traffic 241

The Netflix TechBlog

MAY 4, 2023

It can happen on an edge API system servicing customer devices, between the edge and mid-tier services, or from mid-tiers to data stores. It provides a good read on the availability and latency ranges under different production conditions. For instance, envision a response payload that delivers media streams for a playback session.

Traffic 347

Traffic Latency Tuning Systems 347

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

As described by the white paper Apple ProRes ( link ), the target data rate of the Apple ProRes HQ for 1920x1080 at 29.97 Uploading and downloading data always come with a penalty, namely latency. The problematic pattern of packagers is that they do not always generate data linearly. is 220 Mbps.

Cloud 242

Cloud Media Storage Cache 242

CSS Wizardry

AUGUST 7, 2019

The first—and often most surprising for people to learn—thing that I want to draw your attention to is that TTFB counts one whole round trip of latency. TTFB isn’t just time spent on the server, it is also the time spent getting from our device to the sever and back again (carrying, that’s right, the first byte of data!).

Latency 270

Latency Ecommerce Servers Mobile 270

Dynatrace

MAY 13, 2022

From there, you can dive deeper into infrastructure metrics (cluster, datacenter, racks, and nodes) and data metrics (keyspaces and tables). In addition to the built-in views, Dynatrace provides data analysis that enhances your ability to query and chart metrics. You can also analyze table metrics, such as cache hits and misses.

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Azure Latency Metrics Infrastructure 246

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 10, 2024

This allows data to be sent to the device from backend services on demand, without the need for continually polling requests from the device. In our case, we value low latency — the faster we can read from KeyValue, the faster these messages can get delivered. As Pushy’s portfolio grew, we experienced some pain points with Dynomite.

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Latency Cache Tuning Efficiency 234

The Netflix TechBlog

APRIL 27, 2023

Atlas is an in-memory time-series database that ingests multiple billions of time-series per day and retains the last two weeks of data. Moreover, common database optimizations like caching recently queried data don’t really work for alerting queries because, generally speaking, the last received datapoint is required for correctness.

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Storage Cache Metrics Database 297

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 13, 2023

By tracking these KPIs and similar, organizations can gain valuable insights into the performance of their mobile apps and make data-driven decisions to improve the user experience and drive growth. Here are some ways observability data is important to mobile app performance monitoring. Load time and network latency metrics.

Best Practices 246

Best Practices Mobile Metrics Performance 246

The Netflix TechBlog

DECEMBER 17, 2019

Andreas Andreakis , Ioannis Papapanagiotou Overview Change-Data-Capture (CDC) allows capturing committed changes from a database in real-time and propagating those changes to downstream consumers [1][2]. Requirements In a previous blog post, we discussed Delta , a data enrichment and synchronization platform.

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Database Traffic Transportation Open Source 221

The Netflix TechBlog

DECEMBER 17, 2019

Andreas Andreakis , Ioannis Papapanagiotou Overview Change-Data-Capture (CDC) allows capturing committed changes from a database in real-time and propagating those changes to downstream consumers [1][2]. Requirements In a previous blog post, we discussed Delta , a data enrichment and synchronization platform.

Database 206

Database Traffic Transportation Open Source 206

Uber Engineering

JANUARY 16, 2023

Uber’s interactive analytics team shares how they integrated Alluxio’s data caching into Presto, the SQL query engine powering thousands of daily active users on petabyte scale at Uber, to dramatically reduce data scan latencies through leveraging Presto on local disks.

Cache 98

Cache Speed Latency Analytics 98

All Things Distributed

SEPTEMBER 3, 2013

Amazon ElastiCache is a fully managed, in-memory caching service for customers to optimize the latency, performance and cost of their read workloads. As the amount of data stored increases constantly, the amount of memory needed also goes up. For features that need data structures like sorted sets (e.g.,

Cache 99

Cache Cloud Performance Retail 99

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 7, 2024

Berg , Romain Cledat , Kayla Seeley , Shashank Srikanth , Chaoying Wang , Darin Yu Netflix uses data science and machine learning across all facets of the company, powering a wide range of business applications from our internal infrastructure and content demand modeling to media understanding.

Systems 235

Systems Media Cache Open Source 235

The Netflix TechBlog

JULY 12, 2019

Gatekeeper accomplishes its prescribed task by aggregating data from multiple upstream systems, applying some business logic, then producing an output detailing the status of each video in each country. there is no eviction policy, and there are no cache misses. there is no eviction policy, and there are no cache misses.

Cache 184

Cache Architecture Engineering Latency 184

Scalegrid

NOVEMBER 26, 2020

It has high throughput and runs from memory, but also has the ability to persist data on disk. Redis is a great caching solution for highly demanding applications, and there are […]. In fact, it is the number one key value store and eighth most popular database in the world.

Cache 130

Cache Azure Benchmarking Performance 130

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

These workflows also utilize Davis® , the Dynatrace causal AI engine, and all your observability and security data across all platforms, in context, at scale, and in real-time. Storing frequently accessed data in faster storage, usually in-memory caching, improves data retrieval speed and overall system performance. Beyond

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AWS Efficiency Azure Cloud 305

Dynatrace

NOVEMBER 3, 2021

Logging provides additional data but is typically viewed in isolation of a broader system context. Observability is the ability to understand a system’s internal state by analyzing the data it generates, such as logs, metrics, and traces. Monitoring typically provides a limited view of system data focused on individual metrics.

Monitoring 264

Monitoring Metrics DevOps Scalability 264

Scalegrid

JANUARY 25, 2024

Key Takeaways Critical performance indicators such as latency, CPU usage, memory utilization, hit rate, and number of connected clients/slaves/evictions must be monitored to maintain Redis’s high throughput and low latency capabilities. These essential data points heavily influence both stability and efficiency within the system.

Metrics 130

Metrics Monitoring Latency Cache 130

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 6, 2019

Disk Caching? — ? MezzFS can be configured to cache objects on the local disk. Regional caching? —?Netflix If an application in region A is using MezzFS to read from an object stored in region B, MezzFS will cache the object in region A. we only pay the transfer costs for one worker, and the rest use the cached object.

Media 218

Media Storage Processing Cache 218

CSS Wizardry

AUGUST 13, 2019

Entry (10) lives on a different origin again, so we have more connection overhead to contend with, and the file seems to take an incredibly long time to download (as evidenced by the sheer amount of dark green—sending data). The file is so big because it actually contains all of our fonts as Base64 encoded data URIs.

Latency 209

Latency Cache Strategy Media 209

Highly Scalable

AUGUST 20, 2013

The shortcomings and drawbacks of batch-oriented data processing were widely recognized by the Big Data community quite a long time ago. This system has been designed to supplement and succeed the existing Hadoop-based system that had too high latency of data processing and too high maintenance costs.

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Big Data Processing Lambda Database 154

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 4, 2019

This post looks at the other side of search: how to index data and make it searchable. Various creatives Marketing Tech supports To enable our marketing stakeholders to manage these creatives, we need to pull together data that is spread across many services?—?GraphQL GraphQL makes this aggregation easy.

Database 246

Database Cache Servers Performance 246

All Things Distributed

OCTOBER 12, 2016

Fast Data is an emerging industry term for information that is arriving at high volume and incredible rates, faster than traditional databases can manage. Three years ago, as part of our AWS Fast Data journey we introduced Amazon ElastiCache for Redis , a fully managed in-memory data store that operates at sub-millisecond latency.

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Scalability Cache Analytics AWS 102

Speed Curve

JANUARY 19, 2025

Of course writes were much less common than reads, so I added a caching layer for reads, and that did the trick. So in addition to all the optimization work we did for Google Docs, I got to spend a lot of time and energy working on the measurement problem: how can we get end-to-end latency numbers?

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Performance Google Speed Metrics 98