The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 28, 2025

This scenario underscored the need for a new recommender system architecture where member preference learning is centralized, enhancing accessibility and utility across different models. Yet, many are confined to a brief temporal window due to constraints in serving latency or training costs.

Tuning 163

Tuning Efficiency Latency Strategy 163

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 18, 2024

These include challenges with tail latency and idempotency, managing “wide” partitions with many rows, handling single large “fat” columns, and slow response pagination. Data Model At its core, the KV abstraction is built around a two-level map architecture. Useful for keeping “n-newest” or prefix path deletion.

Latency 260

Latency Storage Cache Servers 260

Dynatrace

NOVEMBER 28, 2022

The new Amazon capability enables customers to improve the startup latency of their functions from several seconds to as low as sub-second (up to 10 times faster) at P99 (the 99th latency percentile). This can cause latency outliers and may lead to a poor end-user experience for latency-sensitive applications.

Lambda 246

Lambda AWS Serverless Latency 246

Scalegrid

FEBRUARY 24, 2025

This decoupling is crucial in modern architectures where scalability and fault tolerance are paramount. The architecture of RabbitMQ is meticulously designed for complex message routing, enabling dynamic and flexible interactions between producers and consumers. Keeping queues short maintains a responsive and efficient RabbitMQ setup.

Best Practices 147

Best Practices Traffic Strategy Scalability 147

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 25, 2023

The service should be able to serve real-time, aka UI, applications so CRUD and search operations should be achieved with low latency. Our service will be used by a lot of internal UI applications hence the latency for CRUD and search operations must be low. Teams should be able to define their data model for annotation.

Scalability 291

Scalability Latency Media Architecture 291

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

Growth Engineering at Netflix?—?Automated In the Growth Engineering team, we refer to this as the top of the signup funnel. For more background on the signup funnel and Growth Engineering’s role in the signup funnel, please read our initial post on the topic: Growth Engineering at Netflix? Accelerating Innovation.

Engineering 172

Engineering Storage Latency Entertainment 172

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 27, 2022

As more organizations embrace microservices-based architecture to deliver goods and services digitally, maintaining customer satisfaction has become exponentially more challenging. Latency is the time that it takes a request to be served. SLOs aid decision making. SLOs promote automation. Define SLOs for each service. Reliability.

Software 306

Software Software Benchmarking Latency 306

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 18, 2022

Motivation With the rapid growth in Netflix member base and the increasing complexity of our systems, our architecture has evolved into an asynchronous one that enables both online and offline computation. Personalized Experience Refresh Netflix Recommendation engine continuously refreshes recommendations for every member.

Systems 334

Systems Traffic Architecture Mobile 334

Dynatrace

JANUARY 14, 2022

The Akamas vision is that only an autonomous optimization approach powered by AI can effectively enable performance engineers, SREs, and architects to identify the best configurations that ensure maximum service performance and resilience, at the lowest possible cost and at business speed. below 500ms) and error rates (e.g. lower than 2%.).

Latency 246

Latency Tuning Efficiency AWS 246

High Scalability

JANUARY 11, 2022

Machine Learning Engineer at Amazon and has led several machine-learning initiatives across the Amazon ecosystem. Architecture. FUN FACT : In this talk , Rodrigo Schmidt, director of engineering at Instagram talks about the different challenges they have faced in scaling the data infrastructure at Instagram. High Level Design.

Design 334

Design Media Storage Logistics 334

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 18, 2020

Cloud-based application architectures commonly leverage microservices. By leveraging the Dynatrace Davis AI causation engine to watch for unforeseen changes in underlying API responsiveness, Dynatrace automatically identifies slowdowns in the performance of your API manager and points you to their root cause.

Infrastructure 263

Infrastructure Latency Metrics Cloud 263

Dynatrace

MAY 19, 2022

A service-level objective ( SLO ) is the new contract between business, DevOps, and site reliability engineers (SREs). Example 1: Architecture boundaries. First, they took a big step back and looked at their end-to-end architecture (Figure 2). SLO dashboard defined by architectural boundary. So, what did they do?

Automotive 290

Automotive Latency Architecture Mobile 290

The Netflix TechBlog

MARCH 1, 2021

It supports both high throughput services that consume hundreds of thousands of CPUs at a time, and latency-sensitive workloads where humans are waiting for the results of a computation. The subsystems all communicate with each other asynchronously via Timestone, a high-scale, low-latency priority queuing system.

Serverless 235

Serverless Media Latency Social Media 235

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 2, 2020

For engineers, instead of whodunit, the question is often “what failed and why?” An engineer can find herself digging through logs, poring over traces, and staring at dozens of dashboards. While this abundance of dashboards and information is by no means unique to Netflix, it certainly holds true within our microservices architecture.

Latency 298

Latency Transportation Engineering Traffic 298

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 17, 2022

Our approach to NN-based video downscaling The deep downscaler is a neural network architecture designed to improve the end-to-end video quality by learning a higher-quality video downscaler. Architecture of the deep downscaler model, consisting of a preprocessing block followed by a resizing block.

Network 300

Network Media Innovation Efficiency 300

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

The Growth Engineering team is responsible for executing growth initiatives that help us anticipate and adapt to this change. For more background on Growth Engineering and the signup funnel, please have a look at our previous blog post that covers the basics. We need to be constantly adapting and innovating as a result of this change.

Engineering 145

Engineering Scalability Architecture Innovation 145

Dynatrace

OCTOBER 10, 2022

Reduced latency. Serverless architecture makes it possible to host code anywhere, rather than relying on an origin server. By using cloud providers with multiple server sites, organizations can reduce function latency for end users. Architectural complexity. Optimizes resources. Difficult to monitor.

Serverless 241

Serverless Infrastructure Lambda Latency 241

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

Table 1: Movie and File Size Examples Initial Architecture A simplified view of our initial cloud video processing pipeline is illustrated in the following diagram. Figure 1: A Simplified Video Processing Pipeline With this architecture, chunk encoding is very efficient and processed in distributed cloud computing instances.

Cloud 242

Cloud Media Storage Cache 242

Dynatrace

MAY 31, 2023

Site reliability engineering (SRE) has recently become a critical discipline in recent years as the world has shifted in favor of web-based interactions. This shift is leading more organizations to hire site reliability engineers to guarantee the reliability and resiliency of their services. Mobile retail e-commerce spending in the U.

Best Practices 246

Best Practices DevOps Latency Metrics 246

Uber Engineering

OCTOBER 17, 2018

To accomplish this, Uber relies heavily on making data-driven decisions at every level, from forecasting rider demand during high traffic events to identifying and addressing bottlenecks … The post Uber’s Big Data Platform: 100+ Petabytes with Minute Latency appeared first on Uber Engineering Blog.

Big Data 109

Big Data Latency Transportation Traffic 109

Dynatrace

APRIL 7, 2023

Customers can use AWS Lambda Response Streaming to improve performance for latency-sensitive applications and return larger payload sizes. Customers can use response streaming to achieve the following: Improve Time to First Byte (TTFB) performance for latency-sensitive applications. Return larger payload sizes.

Lambda 246

Lambda AWS Serverless Latency 246

The Netflix TechBlog

JANUARY 10, 2024

This architecture shift greatly reduced the processing latency and increased system resiliency. We expanded pipeline support to serve our studio/content-development use cases, which had different latency and resiliency requirements as compared to the traditional streaming use case. divide the input video into small chunks 2.

Processing 238

Processing Media Latency Innovation 238

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 20, 2019

by Jason Koch , with Martin Spier , Brendan Gregg , Ed Hunter Improving the tools available to our engineers to help them diagnose, triage, and work through software performance challenges in the cloud is a key goal for the cloud performance engineering team at Netflix. Vector is open source and in use by multiple companies.

Performance 216

Performance Latency Open Source Metrics 216

Dynatrace

MAY 13, 2022

Because of its scalability and distributed architecture, thousands of companies trust it to run their cloud and hybrid-based workloads at high availability without compromising performance. With the Dynatrace Data Explorer, you can easily analyze metrics, such as client read/write latency by Cassandra nodes and disk space usage by keyspaces.

Azure 246

Azure Latency Metrics Infrastructure 246

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 258

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 258

Dynatrace

JANUARY 31, 2024

Retrieval-augmented generation emerges as the standard architecture for LLM-based applications Given that LLMs can generate factually incorrect or nonsensical responses, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as an industry standard for building GenAI applications.

Cache 276

Cache Azure Infrastructure Monitoring 276

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 27, 2020

Data scientists and engineers collect this data from our subscribers and videos, and implement data analytics models to discover customer behaviour with the goal of maximizing user joy. At Netflix, we also heavily embrace a microservice architecture that emphasizes separation of concerns.

Latency 252

Latency Storage Big Data Tuning 252

The Netflix TechBlog

APRIL 27, 2023

Engineers want their alerting system to be realtime, reliable, and actionable. A few years ago, we were paged by our SRE team due to our Metrics Alerting System falling behind — critical application health alerts reached engineers 45 minutes late! It opens doors to support more exciting use-cases. OK, Results?

Storage 297

Storage Cache Metrics Database 297

The Netflix TechBlog

NOVEMBER 3, 2022

The original assumptions and architectural choices were no longer viable. Overview The figure below depicts a simplified high-level architecture of a single Titus cluster (a.k.a We started seeing increased response latencies and leader servers running at dangerously high utilization.

Cache 233

Cache Latency Traffic Systems 233

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 8, 2020

This allowed Android engineers to have much more control and observability over how we get our data. We tried a few iterations of what this new service should look like, and eventually settled on a modern architecture that aimed to give more control of the API experience to the client teams. It was a Node.js

Latency 241

Latency Cache Java Traffic 241

High Scalability

FEBRUARY 19, 2021

This means a system that is not merely available but is also engineered with extensive redundant measures to continue to work as its users expect. reliability situations, where continuity of service is essential, with redundant elements continuously in-service, such as with airplane engines. This ensures reliability.

Engineering 165

Engineering Systems Availability Scalability 165

The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Rajiv Shringi Vinay Chella Kaidan Fullerton Oleksii Tkachuk Joey Lynch Introduction As Netflix continues to expand and diversify into various sectors like Video on Demand and Gaming , the ability to ingest and store vast amounts of temporal data — often reaching petabytes — with millisecond access latency has become increasingly vital.

Latency 239

Latency Storage Traffic Tuning 239

The Netflix TechBlog

FEBRUARY 9, 2021

Plus, the architecture of the Edge tier was evolving to a PaaS (platform as a service) model, and we had some tough decisions to make about how, and where, to handle identity token handling. The system architecture now takes the form of: Notice that tokens never traverse past the Edge gateway / EAS boundary. We are serving over 2.5

Architecture 228

Architecture Latency Servers Website 228

Dynatrace

APRIL 5, 2021

Lambda’s highly efficient, on-demand computing environment aligns with today’s microservices-centric architectures, and readily integrates with other popular AWS offerings that an organization may already be using. AWS continues to improve how it handles latency issues. It helps SRE teams automate responses.

Lambda 258

Lambda AWS Serverless Hardware 258

All Things Distributed

JULY 20, 2015

Today, I want to explore the Amazon ECS architecture and what this architecture enables. This architecture affords Amazon ECS high availability, low latency, and high throughput because the data store is never pessimistically locked. Below is a diagram of the basic components of Amazon ECS: How we coordinate the cluster.

Latency 156

Latency Architecture AWS Open Source 156

Dynatrace

NOVEMBER 3, 2021

Organizations are depending more and more on distributed architectures to provide application services. For example, when monitoring a database, you’ll want to know about any latency when writing data to a disk or average query response time. Dynatrace news. This trend is prompting advances in both observability and monitoring.

Monitoring 264

Monitoring Metrics DevOps Scalability 264

High Scalability

SEPTEMBER 8, 2018

RISELabs , those wonderfully innovative folks over at Berkeley, have uplifted their Anna datatabase —a shared-nothing, thread-per-core architecture to achieve lightning-fast speeds by avoiding all coordination mechanisms—to become cloud-aware. Our monitoring engine automatically moves data between tiers based on access patterns.

Storage 199

Storage Performance AWS Cloud 199