The Netflix TechBlog

OCTOBER 8, 2024

Rajiv Shringi Vinay Chella Kaidan Fullerton Oleksii Tkachuk Joey Lynch Introduction As Netflix continues to expand and diversify into various sectors like Video on Demand and Gaming , the ability to ingest and store vast amounts of temporal data — often reaching petabytes — with millisecond access latency has become increasingly vital.

Latency 236

Latency Storage Traffic Tuning 236

Dynatrace

NOVEMBER 28, 2022

The new Amazon capability enables customers to improve the startup latency of their functions from several seconds to as low as sub-second (up to 10 times faster) at P99 (the 99th latency percentile). This can cause latency outliers and may lead to a poor end-user experience for latency-sensitive applications.

Lambda 235

Lambda AWS Serverless Latency 235

The Netflix TechBlog

MAY 4, 2023

This blog post will provide a detailed analysis of replay traffic testing, a versatile technique we have applied in the preliminary validation phase for multiple migration initiatives. It provides a good read on the availability and latency ranges under different production conditions.

Traffic 344

Traffic Latency Tuning Systems 344

Dynatrace

JANUARY 31, 2024

The RAG process begins by summarizing and converting user prompts into queries that are sent to a search platform that uses semantic similarities to find relevant data in vector databases, semantic caches, or other online data sources.

Cache 216

Cache Azure Infrastructure Monitoring 216

High Scalability

FEBRUARY 17, 2021

We note that for MongoDB update latency is really very low (low is better) compared to other dbs, however the read latency is on the higher side. The latency table shows that 99th percentile latency for Yugabyte is quite high compared to others (lower is better). Again Yugabyte latency is quite high. Conclusion.

Benchmarking 308

Benchmarking Latency C++ Database 308

Scalegrid

DECEMBER 21, 2023

Identifying key Redis® metrics such as latency, CPU usage, and memory metrics is crucial for effective Redis monitoring. To monitor Redis® instances effectively, collect Redis metrics focusing on cache hit ratio, memory allocated, and latency threshold.

Strategy 130

Strategy Monitoring Latency DevOps 130

Dynatrace

DECEMBER 13, 2023

By monitoring metrics such as error rates, response times, and network latency, developers can identify trends and potential issues, so they don’t become critical. Load time and network latency metrics. Minimizing the number of network requests that your app makes can improve performance by reducing latency and improving load times.

Best Practices 211

Best Practices Mobile Metrics Performance 211

Dynatrace

MAY 13, 2022

In addition to the built-in views, Dynatrace provides data analysis that enhances your ability to query and chart metrics. With the Dynatrace Data Explorer, you can easily analyze metrics, such as client read/write latency by Cassandra nodes and disk space usage by keyspaces.

Azure 242

Azure Latency Metrics Infrastructure 242

The Netflix TechBlog

JUNE 4, 2019

Because microprocessors are so fast, computer architecture design has evolved towards adding various levels of caching between compute units and the main memory, in order to hide the latency of bringing the bits to the brains. This avoids thrashing caches too much for B and evens out the pressure on the L3 caches of the machine.

Cache 256

Cache Latency Airlines Logistics 256

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 24, 2021

Uploading and downloading data always come with a penalty, namely latency. Figure 3: Video Processing with Index and Virtual Assembly Using virtual assembly greatly improves the latency performance of the ProRes 422 HQ proxy generation by removing one round trip of cloud downloading and cloud uploading by the physical assembler.

Cloud 240

Cloud Media Storage Cache 240

Randon ASCII

SEPTEMBER 8, 2019

Sometimes the challenge in trace analysis is to find where the issue is, but for this issue that part of the analysis was trivial. This means that there is no caching between RuntimeBroker.exe and this file. The ETW trace records me right-clicking on the task bar to close two Explorer windows. Think about that for a moment.

Latency 79

Latency Cache Programming Operating System 79

Randon ASCII

JANUARY 12, 2022

The Xbox 360 CPU had three PowerPC cores and a 1 MB L2 cache and these features are clearly visible on the wafer. In the die picture to the right (which looks to be about 14 mm by 12 mm) you can see the regular pattern of small black rectangles in the bottom right corner – that’s the L2 cache. register files? arithmetic units?)

Cache 126

Cache Latency Benchmarking Hardware 126

Dynatrace

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

The Site Reliability Guardian helps automate release validation based on SLOs and important signals that define the expected behavior of your applications in terms of availability, performance errors, throughput, latency, etc. A study by Amazon found that increasing page load time by just 100 milliseconds costs 1% in sales.

AWS 260

AWS Efficiency Azure Cloud 260

The Netflix TechBlog

JULY 21, 2022

With large data, comes the opportunity to leverage the data for predictive and classification based analysis. We also highlight steps and guidelines for exploratory analysis and prediction to understand Out of Memory kills on a sample set of devices. Restricting Testing and Analysis to one day and device at a time.

Big Data 184

Big Data Cache Engineering Data Engineering 184

The Netflix TechBlog

SEPTEMBER 8, 2020

This allows the app to query a list of “paths” in each HTTP request, and get specially formatted JSON (jsonGraph) that we use to cache the data and hydrate the UI. Being able to canary a new route let us verify latency and error rates were within acceptable limits. This meant that data that was static (e.g.

Latency 238

Latency Cache Java Traffic 238

Dynatrace

OCTOBER 4, 2022

Data lakehouses deliver the query response with minimal latency. A dynamic map of interactions and relationships between applications and the underlying infrastructure also helps to zoom in and out of an issue at different stages of analysis. Massively parallel processing. This is simply not possible with conventional architectures.

Artificial Intelligence 222

Artificial Intelligence Storage Analytics Government 222

Dynatrace

NOVEMBER 3, 2021

For example, when monitoring a database, you’ll want to know about any latency when writing data to a disk or average query response time. Examples include a spike in memory utilization, a decrease in cache hit ratio, or an increase in CPU utilization.

Monitoring 234

Monitoring Metrics DevOps Scalability 234

The Morning Paper

OCTOBER 4, 2020

We are standing on the eve of the 5G era… 5G, as a monumental shift in cellular communication technology, holds tremendous potential for spurring innovations across many vertical industries, with its promised multi-Gbps speed, sub-10 ms low latency, and massive connectivity. Throughput and latency. The short answer is no.

Energy 130

Energy Latency Performance Network 130

Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 29, 2023

The mean and percentile measurements hide this structure, but the rest of this post will show how the structure can be measured and analyzed so that you can figure out a useful model of your system, understand what is driving the long tail of latencies and come up with better SLAs and measures of capacity.

Lambda 98

Lambda Latency Cache C++ 98

Percona

MARCH 20, 2023

When deciding what to pick, there are many things to consider, like where the proxy needs to be, if it “just” needs to redirect the connections, or if more features need to be in, like caching and filtering, or if it needs to be integrated with some MySQL embedded automation. Instead, an analysis needs to be done.

Games 125

Games Latency Traffic Cache 125

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 103

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 103

ACM Sigarch

MAY 31, 2023

There are three common mechanisms to access remote memory: modifying applications, modifying virtual memory, and hardware-level cache coherence support. even lowered the latency by introducing a multi-headed device that collapses switches and memory controllers. The recently announced CXL3.0

Latency 52

Latency Hardware Cache Architecture 52

John McCalpin

AUGUST 1, 2018

According to Dr. Bandwidth, performance analysis has two recurring themes: How fast should this code (or “simple” variations on this code) run on this hardware? Few implementations have performance that approaches the lower bounds on shared-memory synchronization latency.

Hardware 40

Hardware Transportation Performance Latency 40

Percona

JUNE 22, 2023

This includes metrics such as query execution time, the number of queries executed per second, and the utilization of query cache and adaptive hash index. query cache: Disable (query_cache_size: 0, query_cache_type:OFF) innodb_adaptive_hash_index: Check adaptive hash index usage to determine its efficiency.

Performance 108

Performance Monitoring Traffic Database 108

The Morning Paper

SEPTEMBER 10, 2019

Broadly, these can be categorized as: reporting and dashboarding, embedded statistics in pages, time-series monitoring, and ad-hoc analysis. That’s hard for many reasons, including the differing trade-offs between throughput and latency that need to be made across the use cases. Cache all the things. Procella system overview.

Analytics 75

Analytics Latency Cache Google 75

Smashing Magazine

AUGUST 3, 2023

Large preview ) Storing Data In BigQuery For Comprehensive Analysis Once we capture the Web Vitals metrics, we store this data in BigQuery , Google Cloud’s fully-managed, serverless data warehouse. It also opens up the possibility for more effective use of caching strategies, potentially enhancing load times further.

Performance 75

Performance Cache Traffic Metrics 75

ScaleOut Software

MAY 15, 2014

Likewise, object access paths must be heavily multi-threaded and avoid lock contention to minimize access latency and maximize throughput. During load-balancing, the client gets the following exception when accessing the cache: ErrorCode<ERRCA0017>:SubStatus<ES0006>:There is a temporary failure. Please retry later.

Cache 40

Cache Servers Network Design 40

Adrian Cockcroft

JANUARY 20, 2023

In the discussion, there was quite a lot of analysis provided, but no mention of interconnect trends, so I asked whether the fix for efficiency needed better interconnects, and got the answer yes, and that they had some slides on interconnect trends but hadn’t included them in the deck.

Architecture 52

Architecture Latency Benchmarking AWS 52

Smashing Magazine

MAY 16, 2022

Examples of this might be, expecting that the HTML is fully static, such that we can cache it downstream in some deterministic manner — “partially dynamic” HTML bodies are much more likely to be handled incorrectly by caching logic. Here are a few that come to mind: Is this request served from the service worker cache?

Servers 95

Servers Monitoring Cache Network 95

ACM Sigarch

MARCH 18, 2019

This Part 1 discusses Bottleneck Analysis and Little’s Law, while Part 2 presents the M/M/1 Queue. This post discusses Bottleneck Analysis and Little’s Law, while Part 2 touts the M/M/1 Queue. How many buffers are needed to track pending requests as a function of needed bandwidth and expected latency? Bottleneck Analysis.

Systems 60

Systems Latency Performance Analytics 60

ScaleOut Software

JULY 21, 2020

For more than fifteen years, ScaleOut StateServer® has demonstrated technology leadership as an in-memory data grid (IMDG) and distributed cache. Instead of querying objects from the IMDG and analyzing them in the client, applications can now simply run this analysis within the IMDG itself using APIs available in ScaleOut StateServer Pro.

Analytics 52

Analytics Airlines Cache Ecommerce 52

ScaleOut Software

JULY 21, 2020

For more than fifteen years, ScaleOut StateServer® has demonstrated technology leadership as an in-memory data grid (IMDG) and distributed cache. Instead of querying objects from the IMDG and analyzing them in the client, applications can now simply run this analysis within the IMDG itself using APIs available in ScaleOut StateServer Pro.

Analytics 52

Analytics Airlines Cache Ecommerce 52

Scalegrid

FEBRUARY 8, 2024

Durability Availability Fault tolerance These combined outcomes help minimize latency experienced by clients spread across different geographical regions. Key players include HDFS and Ceph, prominent choices among distributed storage options tailored specifically for massive dataset analysis tasks.

Storage 130

Storage Systems Big Data Azure 130

Brendan Gregg

FEBRUARY 28, 2023

My personal opinion is that I don't see a widespread need for more capacity given horizontal scaling and servers that can already exceed 1 Tbyte of DRAM; bandwidth is also helpful, but I'd be concerned about the increased latency for adding a hop to more memory. Ford, et al., “TCP

Performance 52

Performance Latency Cache Virtualization 52

Brendan Gregg

AUGUST 18, 2019

For example, iostat(1), or a monitoring agent, may tell you your average disk latency, but not the distribution of this latency. bpftrace is suited for this kind of analysis: decomposing metrics into distributions or per-event logs, and creating new metrics for visibility into blind spots. Block I/O latency as a histogram.

Latency 57

Latency C++ Cache Programming 57

IO River

NOVEMBER 2, 2023

A CDN (Content Delivery Network) is a network of geographically distributed servers that brings web content closer to where end users are located, to ensure high availability, optimized performance and low latency. Multi-CDN is the practice of employing a number of CDN providers simultaneously.

Best Practices 52

Best Practices Strategy Traffic Virtualization 52

John McCalpin

APRIL 2, 2020

With a staff of slightly over 175 full-time employees (less than 1/2 in consulting roles), we must therefore focus on highly-leveraged performance analysis projects, rather than labor-intensive ones. Here I assumed a particular analytical function for the amount of memory traffic as a function of cache size to scale the bandwidth time.

Benchmarking 59

Benchmarking Performance Latency Architecture 59